How to cultivate Sarguja in less fertile land? Know what to keep in mind
Sarguja is cultivated only in the rainy season.
Cultivation of Sarguja | You must have heard and eaten about groundnut, sesame, sunflower, soybean, mustard, and real oil, but have you ever heard about Sarguja? Actually, it is the main oilseed crop of the tribal community of Jharkhand, which they use in the form of edible oil.
Rapeseed oil is rich in omega-3 fatty acids and linoleic acid, which help control cholesterol. Apart from being eaten, this oil is also used to make medicine. But even after being so beneficial, its oil is not as popular as other oils. The contribution of mustard oil in India’s oilseed production is only 3 percent and the reason for this is lack of information.
By spreading awareness about Sarguja and motivating farmers to cultivate Sarguja, their income can be increased, because Sarguja can be cultivated even in adverse conditions. Therefore, this crop is also suitable for areas with low fertility and water.
Where is Sarguja cultivated?
Sarguja is cultivated in Jharkhand as well as in Rajasthan, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, Gujarat, West Bengal, Bihar, Uttar Pradesh, Odisha and North Eastern states. It is mainly cultivated by the tribal community of Jharkhand. They usually plant it in less fertile land and also do not use manure and fertilizers properly due to which the yield is less. If it is cultivated with scientific methods, farmers can get a good yield.
Climate and Soil
Sarguja can be cultivated in 13 to 23-degree temperatures. From light sandy soil to heavy black soil for Surguja, whose pH is different. Values ranging from 5.2 to 7.3 are considered good. It can also be cultivated in saline soil, plants grow well in it.
Field Preparation
For its cultivation, first, plow the field twice deeply with a local plow. At the time of the last plowing, 5% Aldrin dust or 10% BHC at 25 kg per hectare is applied. Mix it in the soil. This reduces the effect of termites.
Manure and Fertilizers
For good crops, apply 20 kg Nitrogen, 20 kg Phosphorus, 15 kg Potash, and 15 kg Sulfur per hectare. Apply half dose of urea and a full dose of single super phosphate and muriate of potash at the time of sowing. Apply the remaining quantity of urea 25-30 days after sowing after weeding.
Irrigation and Weed Control
It is cultivated only in the rainy season. Water is usually supplied by rain, but if there is no rain for a long time or if there is a drought, irrigation is necessary. Irrigation should be done before flowering. For weed control, weeding is done by hand every 20-25 days after sowing.
Right Sowing Time
Its sowing is done from mid-August to the last mid-September. Before sowing the seeds should be soaked for 8 hours. Row to row and plant to plant seeds 30X10 cm. Keep distance. Sow the seeds by mixing 10 times the amount of dung, manure, or sand in them. So that the seeds spread evenly in the entire field. If you do direct sowing, 5-6 kg of seed will be required per hectare, while 8 kg of seed per hectare is required for the spraying method. Pre-treating the seed with Trichoderma reduces the risk of diseases and pests.
Yield and Income
If it is cultivated with scientific techniques, then up to 5-6 quintals of seed are obtained per hectare. The total cost of its cultivation comes to about Rs 16,500 per hectare, while up to 5-6 quintals of seed is obtained per hectare. Which farmers can sell in the market for Rs.50 per kg? In this way, farmers can earn a net profit of Rs 11,000 per hectare.
Improved Varieties of Sarguja
Some advanced varieties of Sarguja whose cultivation can be beneficial for the farmers- JNC-6, JNC-1, JNC-9, Utkal Niger-150, Birsa Niger-1, Birsa Niger-2, and Pooja-1
Also Read: Potato Farming: How much yield will be available in which variety
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