Chilli Cultivation: These 5 improved varieties of chillies do not have the effect of many insect-diseases, production is also good
India is ahead of many countries in the production and export of green chillies
Both green chilies and red chilies are used to enhance flavour and spiciness in Indian cuisine. Green chillies are also considered beneficial for health. Green chillies are mainly cultivated in Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, West Bengal, Madhya Pradesh, Karnataka and Gujarat. Chilli is cultivated in an area of 7.33 lakh hectares in India. The demand for chilli is always there, so farmers can earn good profit from chilli cultivation, but for this, along with adopting scientific techniques of cultivation, it is also necessary to choose good varieties. This is so that the crop is more and it can be saved from the outbreak of diseases and pests. In order to increase the income of the farmers, ICAR-Indian Horticultural Research Institute, Bangalore has developed 5 improved varieties of chillies, which give high yield and are also safe from pests.
Improved varieties of chilli
ICAR-Indian Horticultural Research Institute, Bangalore has developed 5 improved varieties of chillies, Arka Tejaswi, Arka Yashasvi, Arka Saanvi, Arka Tanvi and Arka Gagan. Arka Tejasvi and Arka Yashasvi good for dry chili. Whereas Arka Gagan is good for green chilli production. Whereas Arka Tanvi and Arka Saanvi are better suited for production of both green and dry chillies.
Peculiarities of improved varieties of chilli
- Arka Gagan variety of chilli plants are medium sized and can yield 80 to 100 quintals per acre.
- Arka Tanvi can also produce 100 quintal green chili and 30-35 quintal dry chili per acre.
- Arka Sanvi can also produce 100 quintal green chilli and 30-35 quintal dry chilli per acre.
- Arka Tejaswi and Arka Yashasvi can yield 30-35 quintals of dry chilli per acre.
Disease free chilli varieties
All these varieties of chillies are safe from many diseases i.e. farmers will no longer be afraid of crop damage due to pests and diseases and the yield will also be good. These improved varieties of chilli are also protected from leaf curl disease, which is caused by a virus. Due to this disease, the leaves of chili become twisted and turn yellow.
The leaves also become smaller in size and the plant does not develop fully. Chilli growers had to suffer heavy losses every year due to this disease, but now it will not happen as all the five improved varieties of chilli developed by ICAR-Indian Horticultural Research Institute, Bangalore are leaf curl resistant. Because of this, farmers will also have to reduce the use of pesticides. In this way, the cost of cultivation will be reduced and profits will increase.
Soil and climate for chilli cultivation
Hot and humid climate is suitable for the cultivation of chilli, it does not have a good crop in areas with extreme cold or heat. Such loamy soil is considered suitable for its cultivation, in which organic matter is high and the pH value is between 6-7. Its crop can be planted 3 times in a year. For rainy season sowing should be done in June-July. Sowing should be done in September-October for winter crop and February-March for summer crop.
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