Know how to manage rabi crops like wheat and mustard, know expert Dr. Vishuddhanand

Rabi season is currently underway. The main crops of Rabi are wheat, mustard, gram, peas, lentils, barseem and oats. Farmers have sown the crop in their fields. In the care of Rabi Crops, there are many problems in front of farmers, such as damage of plants, damage to crops from pests. The Kisan of India spoke to Dr. Vishuddhanand, an Agronomy Expert, regarding the answers to the questions related to these problems.

When to irrigate wheat crop?

Dr. Vishuddhanand says that the first irrigation of the wheat crop should be done 20 to 21 days after sowing. The first irrigation should be lightened. There should be no waterlogging in the field. Wheat crop has about 6 irrigation.

Wheat crop disease

Dr. Vishuddhanand said that the main crop of Rabi is used in black rust, yellow ocher disease and white ocher disease. Three types of rust are found in wheat. The symptom of this disease is that spots are formed on the leaves. This causes a lot of loss to farmers. To avoid this, wheat should be sown on time. Farmers who sow wheat late, increase the possibility of these diseases. To control these diseases, farmers should adopt the crop cycle.

Use of fertilizer in wheat crop

Rabi crop requires fertilizer. Farmers mainly use urea, potash and DAP. Talking about a balanced amount, the field requires 120 kg of nitrogen, 60 kg phosphorus and 40 kg of potash per hectare. These fertilizers give this quantity at the time of sowing seeds in farming. Nitrogen should be given in two doses. The first quantity is given on the joint stage of the crop, that is, when you get out.

Nitrogen is used 30 days after sowing wheat. The second dose of nitrogen should be given on late joint stage. Using fertilizer in this way increases production. This increases the chances of profit for farmers.

How to protect the crop from animals?

Dr. Vishuddhanand says that farmers have to struggle to protect the crop from animals. Many types of animals damage crops. These mainly cause more damage to Nilgai crop. To avoid this, farmers should cover their fields with wires all around.

If yet Nilgai damages the crop of farmers, then to solve this problem, farmers should first take the dung of Nilgai. Make a solution by mixing 10 kg of Nilgai and 10 kg of cow urine in 200 liters of water. Spraying this solution on the farm can protect the crop from Nilgai.

How to protect against diseases in crops?

Farmers should use seeds of advanced varieties of wheat to prevent diseases. To prevent these diseases, varieties like HD 2733, HD 2428, HD 2179, HD 2425, PW to 343, HUW 291 should be used. If we talk about the second way, you can spray medicines on the advice of experts. To prevent diseases, farmers should also sow and provide seeds.

Crop diseases and prevention

Dr. Vishwhanand gives information that when there is a stage of grain in the plant, if there is a disease in that plant, instead of rash, black powder comes out. It produces an odor. This is the identity of the Karnal distribution. To avoid this, seeds should be treated. The seeds should be poured for soaking in water for 4 hours. After that, after drying in the sun, seeds should be sown in the field. Kandwa disease spreads in areas with high humidity. This disease spreads from one earrings to another. If these diseases are coming again and again, the farmer should adopt the crop cycle.

How to protect rabi crops from frost?

In the Rabi season, the peas, wheat, mustard and gram crops are sown in the field, farmers can smoke around the field to save the crop from the court. This is the old method. If we talk about other methods, then farmers should do light irrigation in the field. This irrigation can provide relief from the problem of frost.

How to protect the crop from insect-moths?

Dr. Vishuddhanand further states that farmers should plow their fields deeply in summer. All the insects die due to sunlight. Along with this, there is a life cycle brake of insect kites. Due to this, insects and sacks are not able to harm crops. Along with this, the farmer brothers must adopt the crop cycle. Mustard crop is used to mahu. To avoid this, spray neem oil. Farmers should sow mustard on time.

If the farmers are sowing late, then the possibility of Mahu insect increases. There is also a white fly in mustard. These fly spoils the flower during the flowering stage. Due to this, mustard legumes do not become good. For its treatment, malathion medicine and phosphomidan can be used on the advice of experts. 

Gram cultivation

Uktha disease is especially used in gram. This disease is caused by lack of water. The leaves wither in it. If the plant uproots, black spots occur in the roots of the plant. To avoid the disease in the crop, varieties of immunity should be used such as Pusa 256, Udaya, Miracle etc. . In gram cultivation, there is also an insect named pod borer. It enters the pod and makes it hollow. Farmers use advanced seeds such as boon, huge, ragani. Using these varieties can protect crops from this disease. Chemical solutions can also be done.

Pest

The outbreak of termites is seen after the crop is ripened. The rat also causes a lot of damage to the crop. For this, three grams of alunium phosphate should be used. If you sow and irrigate on time, then there will be no problems like mice coming and termites.